英语短语pay back是一个常用的动词短语,核心含义围绕“归还/回报”,具体可分为三大类场景,用法需结合语境调整:
最常见的义项,指归还所借的钱、欠款或债务。
常用结构:
`pay back + 钱款/债务 (+ to sb.)`(偿还某物给某人)
`pay sb. back + 钱款`(偿还某人某物)
例句:
I need to pay back the $1,000 I borrowed from my sister.(我得还我姐姐借我的1000美元。)
Did you pay her back the money for the concert tickets?(你把演唱会门票的钱还给她了吗?)
The company will pay back the loan to the bank next month.(公司下个月会向银行偿还贷款。)
指回应他人的帮助、 kindness(善意)或 favor(人情),强调“对等反馈”。
常用结构:
`pay back + a favor/kindness`(回报人情/善意)
`pay sb. back (for sth.)`(因某事回报某人)
例句:
You helped me move—let me pay you back by cooking dinner for you.(你帮我搬家,我做晚饭回报你吧。)
I’ll never forget your help—I’ll pay it back someday.(我永远不会忘记你的帮助,总有一天会回报你。)
引申为“以牙还牙”,因他人的伤害、不公或冒犯而反击(含负面情绪)。
常用结构:
`pay sb. back (for sth.)`(因某事报复某人)
例句:
He swore he’d pay them back for ruining his business.(他发誓要报复他们毁了他的生意。)
She said she’d pay him back for spreading rumors about her.(她说会报复他散布关于她的谣言。)
1、 代词的位置:
若宾语是代词(如me/you/him/her/it),必须放在`pay`和`back`中间,不能放在后面:
✅ Can you pay me back tomorrow?(你明天能还我钱吗?)
❌ Can you pay back me tomorrow?
2、 被动语态:
可用于被动,强调“被偿还/被报复”:
The money was paid back last week.(钱上周就还了。)
He will be paid back for his lies.(他的谎言会遭报应的。)
3、 名词形式:
可转化为名词payback,表示“偿还;回报;报复”:
The payback for his dishonesty was losing his job.(他不诚实的报应是丢了工作。)
The loan has a 5-year payback period.(这笔贷款的偿还期是5年。)
`pay back`的核心逻辑是“还原对等关系”——无论是还钱(还原财务平衡)、回报人情(还原善意平衡),还是报复(还原公平感),本质都是“把欠的/该还的还回去”。结合语境区分具体含义即可。