"a few" 是英语中常用的数量短语,修饰可数名词复数,表示“一些;几个”,强调“有一定数量(虽然不多)”,带有肯定意味(即“存在、有”)。
修饰名词时,"a few" 放在名词前,说明名词的数量“不多但存在”。
I need a few minutes to finish this work.(我需要几分钟完成这项工作。)
She has a few close friends in Beijing.(她在北京有几个亲密的朋友。)
当上下文明确指代的对象时,"a few" 可单独使用(相当于“a few + 复数名词”),作主语、宾语等。
Do you have any pens? — Yes, I have a few.(你有钢笔吗?——有,我有几支。)
Many people applied for the job, but a few were qualified.(很多人申请这份工作,但只有几个符合条件。)
结构为 "a few of + 定冠词/物主代词/指示代词 + 可数名词复数",表示“……中的一些/几个”。
A few of my classmates are going to the concert.(我的几个同学要去听音乐会。)Can I try a few of these cakes?(我能尝几块这种蛋糕吗?)
容易混淆的四个短语,核心区别在于修饰对象和语义倾向:
短语 | 修饰对象 | 语义倾向 | 例 |
---|---|---|---|
a few | 可数名词复数 | 肯定(有一些) | I have a few books.(我有几本书。) |
few | 可数名词复数 | 否定(几乎没有) | Few people like him.(几乎没人喜欢他。) |
a little | 不可数名词 | 肯定(有一点) | There’s a little milk left.(还剩一点牛奶。) |
little | 不可数名词 | 否定(几乎没有) | There’s little time left.(几乎没时间了。) |
a few days/weeks/months 几天/几周/几个月
a few times 几次
a few people 几个人
a few questions 几个问题
总结:"a few" 是可数名词复数的“小量肯定”,记住它的核心——“有一些(可数的)”,就能避免和其他短语混淆啦!