“about to”是英语中表示“即将、正要、马上就要”的常用短语,强调动作紧接着就要发生(极短时间内的将来),常用来描述“即将启动但尚未开始”的状态。
“about to”必须与be动词(am/is/are/was/were)搭配,后接动词原形,构成:
1、 描述“即将发生的动作”
强调动作的“即时性”(下一秒或马上发生),常与表示“打断”的场景连用(比如“正要做某事时,突然发生另一件事”)。
I was about to leave the house when it started raining.(我正要出门,突然开始下雨了。)
The movie is about to begin—let's hurry!(电影马上要开始了,赶紧!)
2、 “just about to”的强化用法
加上“just”(刚好、正好),更突出“即将”的时间点,语气更紧迫。
She was just about to call you when you texted.(她刚好要给你打电话,你就发消息来了。)
⚠️ 不能与“将来时间状语”连用
“about to”本身表示“马上”,因此不能和“tomorrow(明天)、next week(下周)”等明确的将来时间词搭配(否则逻辑矛盾)。
错误:I am about to visit my grandma tomorrow.(×)
正确:I am going to visit my grandma tomorrow.(√,计划将来)
正确:I am about to visit my grandma.(√,马上要去)
结构 | 含义与侧重点 | 例子 |
---|---|---|
be about to | 极短时间内的“即将”(无计划) | He is about to fall asleep.(他马上要睡着) |
be going to | 计划/打算好的“将来” | She is going to study abroad next year.(她计划明年留学) |
will | 意愿/预测的“将来” | I will help you later.(我之后会帮你) |
They are about to launch a new product.(他们即将推出新产品。)
We were about to give up when we found the key.(我们正要放弃时,找到了钥匙。)
The train is about to depart—please get on board.(火车即将发车,请上车。)
总结:“about to”是表达“即刻发生”的高频短语,核心是“be + about to + 动原”,记住不要加将来时间状语哦!