英语短语how many的核心含义是“多少”,专门用于询问可数名词的数量(对应询问不可数名词数量的是how much)。
用于对“可数事物的数量”进行提问,回答需用具体数字或数量表达。
1、 问物品数量
How many books do you have? (你有多少本书?)
→ I have five books. (我有5本。)
How many apples would you like? (你想要多少个苹果?)
→ Two, please. (两个,谢谢。)
2、 问人数
How many people are there in your family? (你家有多少人?)
→ There are four of us. (我们家4口人。)
3、 问次数/时间单位
How many times have you been to Beijing? (你去过北京多少次?)
→ Three times. (三次。)
How many days are there in a month? (一个月有多少天?)
→ It depends. Usually 30 or 31. (看情况,通常30或31天。)
当“how many + 复数名词”作宾语从句的引导词时,从句需用陈述语序(主语在前,动词在后)。
Do you know how many students are in the classroom? (你知道教室里有多少学生吗?)
She asked how many eggs I needed. (她问我需要多少个鸡蛋。)
必须接复数可数名词:how many后不能接单数名词(如不能说how many book,需说how many books)。
区分how many与how much:how many问“可数的数量”,how much问“不可数的数量”或“价格”(如How much is this pen? 这支笔多少钱?)。
总结:how many是针对“可数事物数量”的提问工具,记住“复数名词+一般疑问句”的结构,就能准确使用啦!