"for a long time" 是一个时间状语短语,核心意思是:很长时间;许久;好久(强调动作或状态持续的时长)。
该短语主要用来修饰延续性动词(或状态动词),说明动作/状态持续的时间长度,通常放在句子末尾(偶尔也可放句中,但较少见)。以下是具体搭配的时态及示例:
强调动作从过去开始,持续到现在,对现在有影响。
I have known Tom for a long time.(我认识汤姆很久了。)
She has lived in this city for a long time.(她在这个城市住了很久。)
They haven't seen each other for a long time.(他们很久没见面了。)
强调动作在过去某一时间点之前就已开始,持续到该过去时间点。
By the time I arrived, they had waited at the airport for a long time.(我到达时,他们已经在机场等了很久。)
描述过去某个具体动作持续了很长时间(不涉及现在)。
We talked about our childhood for a long time yesterday.(昨天我们聊童年聊了很久。)
He worked in that factory for a long time before he quit.(他辞职前在那家工厂工作了很久。)
强调动作从过去持续到现在,且仍在进行(或刚结束)。
She has been studying English for a long time.(她学英语已经很久了(现在还在学)。)
表示将来某动作会持续很长时间。
I will stay in Paris for a long time next year.(明年我会在巴黎待很久。)
"for a long time" 修饰的动词必须是延续性的(能持续一段时间的动作/状态),不能修饰短暂性动词(瞬间完成的动作,如die、start、finish、marry等)。若要表达短暂性动作的持续效果,需将其转换为延续性结构:
❌ The film has started for a long time.(错误:start是短暂性动词)
✅ The film has been on for a long time.(正确:be on 表示“(电影)正在上映”,是延续性状态)
❌ He has died for a long time.(错误:die是短暂性动词)
✅ He has been dead for a long time.(正确:be dead 表示“去世的状态”,是延续性的)
Wait for a long time(等很久)
Keep in touch for a long time(保持联系很久)
Be away from home for a long time(离家很久)
Dream of something for a long time(梦想某件事很久)
总之,"for a long time" 是描述“长时间持续”的核心短语,关键要结合延续性动词和合适的时态使用~