英语短语"on the back of"是一个多义介词短语,核心围绕“位置、顺序或依赖关系”展开,具体含义和用法需结合语境判断,以下是详细解析:
指某事物位于另一事物的外部背面(区别于"in the back of"表示“内部后部”),后接表示物体或人体的名词。
例句:The price tag is stuck on the back of the shirt.(价格标签贴在衬衫的背面。)
She wrote her phone number on the back of a business card.(她把手机号写在名片背面。)
He carried his backpack on the back of his bike.(他把背包挂在自行车后座上。)
强调事件的时间承接性——某件事紧接另一件事发生,常隐含“因果关联”(前事为后事的背景或诱因)。后接表示事件、情况的名词。
例句:On the back of a successful product launch, the company's stock rose 20%.(在成功发布产品后不久,公司股价上涨了20%。)
She quit her job on the back of a major argument with her boss.(和老板大吵一架后,她很快辞了职。)
The concert was canceled on the back of bad weather forecasts.(由于天气预报说有坏天气,演唱会随即取消。)
表示“通过利用某事物的优势、资源或结果来实现目标”,强调依靠的基础。后接表示资源、条件或优势的名词(如技术、业绩、政策等)。
例句:The startup grew rapidly on the back of innovative AI technology.(这家初创公司依靠创新的AI技术快速成长。)
The team won the championship on the back of their star player's 30-point game.(球队凭借明星球员的30分表现赢得了冠军。)
Many countries have reduced poverty on the back of economic reform.(许多国家靠经济改革减少了贫困。)
与"as a result of"或"because of"近义,直接连接原因与结果,后接导致结果的诱因。
例句:On the back of rising fuel costs, taxi fares increased by 15%.(由于燃油成本上涨,出租车费涨了15%。)
The river flooded on the back of three days of heavy rain.(连续三天大雨后,河水泛滥了。)
与"in the back of"的区别:
"on the back of"指外部背面(如书的封底、汽车的尾部);"in the back of"指内部后部(如汽车后座、房间角落)。
例:
The sticker is on the back of the car.(贴纸在汽车尾部<外面>。)
I left my bag in the back of the car.(我把包留在汽车后座<里面>。)
与"on top of"的区别:
"on the back of"强调“时间承接或依赖”;"on top of"强调“在……之上”或“除此之外”(额外叠加)。
例:
On the back of the meeting, we had a dinner.(会议结束后,我们吃了晚饭。)
On top of the meeting, we also had a dinner.(除了会议,我们还吃了晚饭。)
"on the back of"的用法可简化为:
若谈空间:在……的背面;
若谈时间/逻辑:紧接着……;
若谈依赖:凭借……;
若谈因果:由于……。
通过语境判断核心逻辑,再结合例句代入,就能准确理解其含义~