“stand by”是一个多义英语短语,核心含义围绕“保持某种状态或立场”,具体意思需结合语境判断。以下是其常见义项、用法及例句:
指面对某种情况(如不公、困境)时,选择“站在一边”不参与,常带否定或批评语气。
搭配:`stand by and do sth.`(袖手旁观做某事)
例句:
How could you stand by and watch the old man fall without helping?(你怎么能眼睁睁看着老人摔倒而袖手旁观?)
Don’t just stand by—do something to stop the fight!(别光站着——做点什么制止这场争斗!)
表示对某人、某观点或某决定的“忠诚支持”或“坚定维护”。
搭配:
`stand by sb.`(支持某人)
`stand by sth.`(支持/坚持某事)
例句:
I will always stand by my family, no matter what happens.(无论发生什么,我都会永远支持我的家人。)
The company stands by its product—if it’s faulty, we’ll replace it.(公司对产品负责——如果有问题,我们会更换。)
He refused to change his mind; he stood by his decision.(他拒绝改变主意,坚持自己的决定。)
常用于军事、应急或工作场景,指“处于随时可响应的状态”。
搭配:
`stand by`(单独使用,表“待命”)
`stand by to do sth.`(准备做某事)
`have sth./sb. standing by`(让某物/某人待命)
例句:
Firefighters are standing by in case of a wildfire.(消防员随时待命,以防野火发生。)
We’re standing by to help if you need any assistance.(如果你需要帮助,我们随时准备帮忙。)
The hospital has an ambulance standing by 24/7.(医院全天24小时有救护车待命。)
指“履行承诺”或“遵守事先约定的规则”。
搭配:`stand by one’s word/promise`(信守诺言);`stand by a contract/agreement`(遵守合同/协议)
例句:
You can trust him—he always stands by his word.(你可以信任他——他总是信守诺言。)
Both parties must stand by the terms of the agreement.(双方都必须遵守协议条款。)
常用于广播、通讯场景,指“等待进一步的消息或指令”。
搭配:`stand by for sth.`(等待某事)
例句:
Stand by for important news—we’ll update you shortly.(等待重要新闻——我们很快会更新。)
The pilot told passengers to stand by for landing instructions.(飞行员让乘客等待降落指示。)
例句:
Please stand by the counter while I get your order.(我去拿你的订单时,请站在柜台旁边。)
stand by vs. stand for:
`stand by`强调“支持/待命/袖手旁观”;
`stand for`侧重“代表/象征”(如:What does “CEO” stand for?)或“支持(理念)”(如:I stand for equality.)。
过去式/过去分词:`stood by`(如:I stood by her during her illness. 她生病时我支持她。)
现在分词:`standing by`(如:The team is standing by to deploy. 团队正待命部署。)
通过以上梳理,“stand by”的用法可总结为:根据语境选择“立场(支持/坚持)”“状态(待命/等待)”或“行为(袖手旁观)”,关键看搭配的宾语(人/物/动作)和场景。