"pat sb. on the back"是一个常用口语短语,核心含义是表扬、鼓励或称赞某人,字面义为“拍某人的后背”,引申为通过友好的动作或言语认可对方的努力或成就。
英文解释:To praise or encourage someone (usually for their effort, achievement, or good work)。
中文翻译:表扬/鼓励/称赞某人。
该短语的用法灵活,可作动词短语或名词短语,核心是围绕“pat(拍)+ 身体部位(back)”的固定搭配,需注意介词用on(因“back”是平面部位,类似“pat sb. on the shoulder”)。
结构:主语 + pat + 宾语(sb.) + on the back
例:
The teacher patted the student on the back for his perfect essay.(老师因学生写了一篇完美的作文而表扬了他。)
My dad always pats me on the back when I overcome a challenge.(我克服挑战时,爸爸总会鼓励我。)
结构:give sb. a pat on the back(给某人表扬/鼓励)
例:
Let's give her a pat on the back—she organized the entire event by herself!(我们得夸夸她——整个活动都是她独自组织的!)
The team received a big pat on the back from the CEO after winning the contract.(团队赢得合同后,CEO大大表扬了他们。)
结构:sb. + be patted on the back
例:
He was patted on the back by his colleagues for solving the technical problem.(他因解决了技术问题而被同事称赞。)
结构:deserve a pat on the back
例:
You deserve a pat on the back for staying calm during the crisis.(你在危机中保持冷静,值得表扬。)
介词固定:必须用on,不能说“pat sb. in the back”(错误),类似的身体部位搭配如“hit sb. in the face”(脸是柔软部位用in),“pat sb. on the head”(头是平面用on)。
语境限制:多用于非正式场合(口语、日常交流),适用于朋友、家人、同事之间的轻松表扬,不用于非常正式的“表彰”(如颁奖典礼可用“commend”或“honor”)。
情感色彩:完全正面,强调“认可”或“鼓励”,无负面含义。
"pat sb. on the back"是日常表扬的常用表达,无论是直接拍背的动作,还是引申的言语鼓励,核心都是传递对他人的肯定。记住固定搭配和常见结构,就能灵活运用啦!