“痛苦”常见的英文表达有 pain、suffering、anguish 等,具体使用哪个词取决于语境和想要表达的程度:
Pain:使用最为广泛,既可以指身体上的疼痛(physical pain),也可以表示精神上的痛苦(emotional/mental pain)。例如:
I felt a sharp pain in my chest.(我感到胸口一阵剧痛。)
She was in great pain after the loss of her loved one.(失去亲人后,她陷入了巨大的痛苦之中。)
Suffering:更强调长期、深重的痛苦或苦难,通常涉及更复杂的情感或处境,程度比“pain”更深。例如:
The refugees are enduring great suffering.(难民们正在遭受巨大的苦难。)
His years of suffering from the disease finally took a toll on him.(多年来饱受疾病的折磨,最终对他造成了严重影响。)
Anguish:指极度的精神痛苦或内心的煎熬,程度比前两者更深,通常用于描述非常强烈的情感状态。例如:
She was in anguish over the decision she had to make.(她为不得不做的决定而痛苦万分。)
The news of his death filled her with anguish.(他去世的消息让她悲痛欲绝。)