表示“逐渐习惯做某事;变得适应做某事”,强调从“不适应/陌生”到“适应/习惯”的动态变化过程(即“从不习惯到习惯”的转变)。
1、 结构本质:
"get" 是系动词(表“变得”),"used" 是过去分词作表语(表“习惯的”),"to" 是介词(关键!)。
因此,后面必须接名词、代词或动名词(doing sth.),不能接动词原形。
2、 主语要求:
主语通常是人(或有感知能力的主体),表示“某人适应/习惯某事”。
3、 时态变化:
可根据语境用于不同时态,体现时间状态:
一般过去时(强调“已经完成的适应过程”):
I got used to getting up early when I was in high school.(我上高中时习惯了早起。)
现在进行时(强调“正在进行的适应过程”):
She is getting used to the cold weather in Harbin.(她正在适应哈尔滨的寒冷天气。)
现在完成时(强调“是否已完成适应”):
Have you got used to the new teacher’s teaching style?(你习惯新老师的教学风格了吗?)
将来时(强调“未来会适应”):
You will get used to living alone soon.(你很快会习惯独自生活的。)
4、 否定与疑问形式:
否定:在"get"前加否定词(don’t/doesn’t/haven’t等),如:
I haven’t got used to eating spicy food yet.(我还没习惯吃辣的食物。)
疑问:将"get"提前(或借助助动词),如:
How long did it take you to get used to the new job?(你花了多久才适应新工作?)
需注意与另外两个形似短语的区别:
短语 | 含义 | 结构特点 | 例句 |
---|---|---|---|
get used to doing | 逐渐习惯做某事(强调“过程”) | to是介词,接doing/sth. | It took me a week to get used to the bed.(我花了一周才习惯这张床。) |
be used to doing | 习惯于做某事(强调“状态”) | to是介词,接doing/sth. | He is used to drinking tea every evening.(他习惯每晚喝茶。) |
used to do | 过去常常做某事(现在不做了) | to是不定式符号,接动词原形 | I used to play basketball every weekend.(我过去周末常打篮球。) |
I got used to speaking English every day after a month of practice.(练习一个月后,我习惯了每天说英语。)
They are getting used to the quiet life in the countryside.(他们正在适应乡村的宁静生活。)
Have you got used to using the public transport here?(你习惯这里的公共交通了吗?)
She didn’t get used to the noisy dormitory at first.(起初她不习惯吵闹的宿舍。)
简言之,"get used to doing sth." 核心是“过程性适应”,记住“to是介词”是关键,避免误用动词原形!