字面直译为“被吓得要死”,实际表示极度恐惧、吓得魂飞魄散(程度比普通的“害怕”强烈得多),是口语中常用的夸张表达。
该短语是“be + 过去分词 + 介词短语”的结构,属于固定搭配,核心是通过“to death”(到“死亡”的程度)强化“frightened”(害怕的)的程度。
主语 + be动词(am/is/are/was/were) + frightened to death + [介词短语/从句(说明“因何害怕”)]
描述突发危险:
I was frightened to death when a car almost hit me crossing the street.
(过马路时一辆车差点撞到我,我吓得要死。)
因某事物/场景害怕:
She’s frightened to death of spiders—she can’t even look at a picture of one.
(她怕蜘蛛怕得要命——连蜘蛛的图片都不敢看。)
The horror movie was so scary that I was frightened to death by the ending.
(那部恐怖片太吓人了,结局把我吓得魂飞魄散。)
间接引语或叙述过去的经历:
He told me he was frightened to death during the storm—his house lost power for 8 hours.
(他告诉我暴风雨期间他吓得要死——他家断电了8小时。)
同义替换:可以用 be scared to death 表达完全相同的意思(scared和frightened是近义词)。
不能混淆结构:不要说成“be frightened to die”(错误),因为“to death”是固定的程度状语(death是名词,表“程度极限”),而“to die”是不定式(表“去死亡”,逻辑不通)。
口语化特点:该短语更常用于日常对话,书面语中可能用“be extremely frightened”等更正式的表达,但口语中用“be frightened to death”更生动。
总结:这个短语是夸张表达“极度恐惧”的常用口语搭配,重点在通过“to death”强化害怕的程度,使用时只需结合主语调整be动词,并补充“害怕的原因”即可。