英语短语 "be covered with" 的核心含义是 "被……覆盖;满是……",强调物体表面被某种东西覆盖的状态(而非动作本身)。
主语(通常是被覆盖的物体/表面) + be动词(根据时态/人称变化) + covered with + 覆盖物(名词/代词,具体或抽象均可)。
1、 时态变化:
be动词需根据语境调整时态(一般现在时、过去时、完成时等):
一般现在时(描述当前状态):The ground is covered with snow.(地面被雪覆盖。)
一般过去时(描述过去状态):Her dress was covered with dirt.(她的裙子满是污垢。)
现在完成时(强调对现在的影响):After the storm, the roof has been covered with leaves.(暴风雨后,屋顶满是落叶。)
2、 覆盖物的类型:
可接具体事物(雪、泥、画、巧克力等)或抽象事物(情绪、痕迹等,表“充满”):
具体:The walls are covered with paintings.(墙上挂满了画。)
抽象:His face was covered with confusion.(他的脸上满是困惑。)
3、 与"be covered by"的区别:
be covered with:强调覆盖的材料/状态(“用……盖着”);
be covered by:强调动作的执行者(“被……(人/物)覆盖”),更侧重动作。
例:
The table is covered with a cloth.(桌子铺着一块布。→ 状态:布是覆盖的材料)
The table was covered by Tom.(桌子被汤姆盖上了。→ 动作:汤姆是执行者)
自然场景:The mountain is covered with green trees.(山上覆盖着绿树。)
日常物品:The cake is covered with chocolate sauce.(蛋糕上淋满了巧克力酱。)
个人状态:His shoes were covered with mud after the hike.(徒步后,他的鞋子沾满了泥。)
抽象情绪:Her voice was covered with sadness.(她的声音里满是悲伤。)
否定:The floor isn't covered with carpet.(地板没铺地毯。)
疑问:Is the desk covered with books?(桌子上堆满书了吗?)
简言之,"be covered with"是描述“被覆盖/充满”状态的常用短语,重点在“覆盖物”和“当前状态”,适合日常场景、自然描述或抽象情绪的表达。