英语短语"break out"是一个不及物动词短语,核心含义是“突然发生、爆发”或“突然显现/开始”,具体用法需结合语境判断。以下是详细的含义、用法及示例:
"break out" 主要用于描述无预兆、突发的事件或状态,可分为5类常见用法:
最常见的用法,主语通常是负面或破坏性的突发事件,无被动语态(事件“主动爆发”)。
World War II broke out in 1939.(二战于1939年爆发。)
A wildfire broke out in the forest due to the heatwave.(热浪导致森林突发野火。)
The COVID-19 pandemic broke out in late 2019.(新冠疫情于2019年末爆发。)
强调冲突“毫无预兆地开始”,主语多为人际或社会矛盾。
A fight broke out between two fans at the football match.(足球赛中两名球迷突然打起来。)
Riots broke out in the city after the unfair verdict.(不公的判决后,城市爆发骚乱。)
常与介词in搭配,后接皮肤反应的名词(如 rash、hives、acne)。
She broke out in a rash after eating shellfish.(她吃贝类后突然起了皮疹。)
Teenagers often break out in acne during puberty.(青少年青春期常突然长痘痘。)
可直接接动名词(laughing/crying),或与in搭配接名词(smile/tears),强调情绪的“突然释放”。
Everyone broke out laughing when he imitated the teacher.(他模仿老师时,大家突然笑成一片。)
She broke out in tears when she saw her lost dog.(看到丢失的狗,她突然哭起来。)
His face broke out in a grin when he got the gift.(收到礼物时,他突然咧嘴笑了。)
口语中常用,表示“拿出平时不常用的东西(如庆祝用的酒、零食)”。
Let’s break out the cake—today’s my birthday!(拿出蛋糕来!今天我生日!)
Dad broke out his old vinyl records for the party.(爸爸为派对拿出了他的旧 vinyl 唱片。)
1、 无被动语态:
"break out" 是不及物短语,描述事件“主动发生”,不能说 The fire was broken out.(错误),应说 The fire broke out.(正确)。
2、 与 "break out of" 的区别:
"break out":自身表示“爆发/突发”(无宾语);
"break out of":加宾语表示“从...逃脱/摆脱”(及物),如:
He broke out of prison last year.(他去年越狱了。)
She tried to break out of her shyness.(她试图摆脱羞怯。)
3、 语境优先:
需根据主语判断含义,如:
"break out in a rash" → 皮肤起疹;
"break out in laughter" → 突然大笑;
"break out the champagne" → 取出香槟。
"break out" 是一个多功能短语,核心是“突然性”,覆盖“事件爆发、皮肤反应、情绪释放、取出物品”等场景,需结合上下文灵活理解。