"葡萄酒酿造期" can be translated as "the winemaking period (for wine)" or more specifically as "the wine fermentation and aging period" (if emphasizing the key processes within the winemaking stage).
A common and concise expression would be "the winemaking period" or, depending on context, "the wine production period".
For example:
The quality of wine is highly influenced by the conditions during the winemaking period.
The winemaking period involves several crucial steps, from fermentation to aging.
If referring strictly to fermentation (a key part of winemaking), you could also say "the fermentation period." However, "winemaking period" is broader and more commonly used to encompass the entire process.