“实质”常见的英文表达有 substance、essence 或 nature(具体使用需结合语境):
1、 substance
侧重指事物的“实质内容”“本质要素”或“重要性”,常用于抽象概念或具体事物的核心。
例句:
The substance of his argument was that the policy was flawed. (他论点的实质是该政策存在缺陷。)
We need to focus on the substance of the issue, not just the surface details. (我们需要关注问题的实质,而不仅仅是表面细节。)
2、 essence
强调事物的“本质”“精髓”或“最核心的特征”,常用于哲学、艺术或高度抽象的语境。
例句:
The essence of democracy is participation by the people. (民主的本质是人民的参与。)
She captured the essence of the city in her painting. (她在画中捕捉到了这座城市的精髓。)
3、 nature
指事物的“本质”“本性”或“内在特征”,更侧重于描述事物的基本属性或固有特性。
例句:
The true nature of the problem was not immediately apparent. (问题的实质并未立即显现。)
It's important to understand the nature of the conflict before trying to resolve it. (在尝试解决冲突之前,理解其本质很重要。)
选择建议:若强调“实质内容”或“核心要素”,用 substance;
若强调“本质特征”或“精髓”,用 essence;
若描述事物的基本属性或固有特性,用 nature。