英语短语dry up是一个多义的短语动词,可作及物或不及物使用,核心含义围绕“失去水分/停止供应”展开。以下是其常见意思、用法及例句:
指河流、湖泊、水洼等自然/人工水体因缺水而完全变干,强调“整体消失”。
例句:
The lake dried up during the worst drought in 50 years. (这个湖在50年一遇的大旱中干涸了。)
Small ponds often dry up in summer if there’s no rain. (如果不下雨,小池塘夏天常干涸。)
搭配:dry up completely(完全干涸)、dry up in the heat(因高温干涸)
指唾液、眼泪、汗水等身体液体突然停止,多因紧张、恐惧或口渴引起。
例句:
My mouth dried up when I had to speak to the CEO. (当我必须和CEO说话时,我口干舌燥。)
Her tears dried up as soon as she saw her lost cat come home. (看到走失的猫回家,她的眼泪立刻止住了。)
搭配:mouth dry up(口干)、tears dry up(眼泪停止)
指资金、食物、机会等资源突然中断或用完,强调“无以为继”。
例句:
The project’s funding dried up, so we had to cancel it. (项目资金耗尽,我们只好取消。)
Job openings in the area have dried up since the factory closed. (工厂关闭后,当地的就业机会没了。)
搭配:funds dry up(资金耗尽)、opportunities dry up(机会枯竭)
指演讲、表演或对话中突然忘词/断片,无法继续,是口语中常用的表达。
例句:
He dried up in the middle of his presentation and had to look at his notes. (他演示到一半突然卡壳,只好看笔记。)
The comedian dried up on stage and had to tell a bad joke to recover. (喜剧演员在台上忘词,只好讲个烂笑话圆场。)
搭配:dry up in a speech(演讲中卡壳)、dry up during a performance(表演中忘词)
用于直接要求对方停止唠叨、哭泣或抱怨,语气较直率(甚至有点不耐烦)。
例句:
Dry up! I’m sick of your constant complaining. (住嘴!我受够了你没完没了的抱怨。)
Mom yelled, “Dry up! Stop crying over a broken crayon!” (妈妈大喊:“别哭了!别为一支破蜡笔哭个不停!”)
通过外部因素(如太阳、风、吹风机)主动让某物失去水分,强调“人为/自然力导致变干”。
例句:
The hot sun dried up the wet clothes in an hour. (烈日一小时就把湿衣服晒干了。)
Use a towel to dry up the spilled milk before it stains the floor. (用毛巾把洒的牛奶擦干,别让地板染色。)
搭配:dry up the puddle(晒干水洼)、dry up wet paint(吹干湿油漆)
dry up:强调“完全消失/停止”(如河流干涸、资金耗尽、口干);
dry out:强调“从内部慢慢变干”(如湿木材晒干、衣服晾干),或“戒酒/戒毒”(如He’s drying out from alcohol. 他在戒酒)。
“dry up”的用法覆盖自然现象、身体反应、资源状况、口语交流等场景,核心是“失去水分或停止供应”。具体含义需结合语境判断,是英语中高频且实用的短语。