英语短语drop off是一个多义表达,核心含义围绕“下降、放下、脱落或入睡”,具体意思需结合语境判断。以下是其主要义项、用法及例句:
指用交通工具将人/物送至目的地后“放下”,是最常用的口语义项。
结构:
接人:`drop sb. off`(代词需放中间,名词可中间或末尾);
接物:`drop (sth.) off`( sth. 可放中间或末尾)。
例句:
I’ll drop you off at the airport at 8 a.m.(我早上8点会送你到机场下车。)
Can you drop off this letter at the post office on your way?(你路上能把这封信送到邮局吗?)
Don’t worry—I’ll drop the kids off at school before going to work.(别担心,我上班前会把孩子送到学校。)
表示“逐渐降低”,多描述销量、温度、注意力、兴趣等的变化,是不及物用法(无需接宾语)。
例句:
Sales dropped off by 30% after the new competitor entered the market.(新竞争对手进入市场后,销量下降了30%。)
His enthusiasm for the project has dropped off since he got promoted.(自从升职后,他对这个项目的热情减退了。)
The number of tourists drops off sharply in winter.(冬季游客数量骤减。)
指“不知不觉睡着”,尤指因无聊、疲惫而“犯困、眯觉”,是不及物用法。
常见搭配:`drop off (to sleep)`(渐渐入睡)。
例句:
I dropped off during the lecture—it was so boring!(讲座太无聊了,我听着听着就睡着了!)
She often drops off while watching TV on the sofa.(她经常在沙发上看电视时打盹。)
The baby dropped off as soon as I put her in the crib.(我把宝宝放进婴儿床,她立刻就睡着了。)
指物体从某处“落下、脱落”,强调自然或意外的掉落。
例句:
Some leaves dropped off the tree in the wind.(风吹得几片树叶从树上掉了下来。)
A button dropped off my shirt—can you sew it back on?(我衬衫上的一颗扣子掉了——你能帮我缝回去吗?)
The paint on the wall is starting to drop off.(墙上的油漆开始脱落了。)
1、 代词的位置:
当宾语是代词(如me, you, it)时,必须放在`drop`和`off`中间:
正确:Drop me off at the station.(送我到车站下车。)
错误:Drop off me at the station.
2、 及物 vs. 不及物:
表示“放下(人/物)”时,是及物动词短语(需接宾语);
表示“减少、入睡、掉落”时,是不及物动词短语(无需接宾语)。
drop out:退出(活动、学校等)→ He dropped out of college to start a business.(他退学去创业了。)
drop by:顺便拜访→ Why don’t you drop by my place this weekend?(这周末要不要来我家坐坐?)
drop in:突然拜访(同drop by)→ She dropped in for coffee yesterday.(她昨天突然来喝杯咖啡。)
总结来说,`drop off`的含义紧扣“向下/脱离”的核心,结合语境可快速判断具体意思~