"be immune from sth." 是一个正式用语,字面原指“对…有免疫力”,引申为:
免受…的伤害/影响;免除…的义务/责任(强调“被排除在某事物的作用范围之外”,通常涉及法律、规则或具体的负面结果)。主语(人/物) + be immune from + 名词/动名词短语(表示“被免除/免受的对象”)。
该短语多用于法律、政策、保护机制等正式语境,以下是典型场景:
法律豁免(最常见):指免除法律责任或起诉。
Diplomats are immune from criminal prosecution in the host country.
(外交官在驻在国享有刑事豁免权。)
The witness was granted immunity from prosecution in exchange for testimony.
(证人因作证而获得免予起诉的权利。)
免除义务/税费:指不用承担某种责任或缴纳费用。
Senior citizens over 70 are immune from this annual property tax.
(70岁以上的老年人免除这项年度房产税。)
Volunteers are immune from liability for accidental damage during the event.
(志愿者在活动中因意外造成的损害无需承担责任。)
免受伤害/损害:指不受某种负面事物的影响。
These special coatings make the pipes immune from rust.
(这些特殊涂层使管道免受生锈损害。)
Children in the shelter are immune from hunger and cold.
(庇护所里的孩子不会挨饿受冻。)
注意不要与同根短语 be immune to sth. 混淆,两者侧重不同:
be immune to:强调“对…有抵抗力/不受…影响”(多接抽象事物,如“病毒、批评、诱惑”)。
She’s immune to flattery—she never lets praise go to her head.
(她不为奉承所动——从不让赞美冲昏头脑。)
Most people are now immune to the common cold virus.
(大多数人现在对普通感冒病毒有免疫力。)
be immune from:强调“被免除/排除在…之外”(多接具体的“责任、伤害、义务”)。
"be immune from sth." 是正式表达,核心是“因规则/保护而不用承受某事物”,常见于法律、政策等场景。记住它与 "be immune to" 的区别,就能准确使用啦!