"exert oneself to do" 表示 "尽某人最大努力去做某事" "全力以赴做某事",强调主动付出精力、努力达成某个目标。
其中:
exert 是动词,意为"运用(力量、精力);施加";
oneself 是反身代词(需根据主语调整形式,如 myself/yourself/himself/herself/ourselves/themselves),指代"某人自己";
to do 是不定式,后跟具体的动作或目标。
结构:主语 + exert oneself(反身代词随主语变化) + to do sth.
I need to exert myself to finish this report by tomorrow.
我需要尽力在明天前完成这份报告。
She exerted herself to get the job offer—she practiced interviews every night.
她为了拿到这份工作 offer 拼尽全力——每晚都练习面试。
现在时:He always exerts himself to help his classmates with math.
他总是尽力帮同学辅导数学。
过去时:They exerted themselves to organize a successful charity event last month.
上个月他们全力组织了一场成功的慈善活动。
将来时:We will exert ourselves to win the competition next week.
下周我们会全力以赴赢得比赛。
单数第一人称:I exert myself to...
单数第二人称:You exert yourself to...
单数第三人称:He/She/It exerts himself/herself/itself to...(注:"itself" 多用于拟人化表达,如机器/动物)
复数:We/They exert ourselves/themselves to...
常与表示"达成、完成、实现"的动作或目标连用,例如:
exert oneself to achieve a goal(努力实现目标)
exert oneself to complete a task(尽力完成任务)
exert oneself to improve one's skills(努力提升技能)
exert oneself to help others(尽力帮助他人)
"exert oneself to do" 属于正式/书面语,比口语化的 "try one's best to do" 或 "work hard to do" 更强调"主动付出精力"的过程,适用于:
正式写作(如论文、报告、推荐信);
描述需要"刻意努力"的场景(如备考、工作项目、竞赛等)。
exert oneself to do:强调"主动运用自身精力",更正式;
try one's best to do:口语化,强调"尽最大努力";
strive to do:书面语,强调"持续努力"(比 "exert oneself" 更侧重"长期奋斗")。
总结:"exert oneself to do" 是表达"尽力做某事"的正式结构,核心是"主语主动付出精力",需注意反身代词与主语的一致,以及时态的变化。