"be deficient in" 是英语中常用的系表结构短语,意为“在…方面不足/缺乏”,强调某人或某物缺少必要的、应有的 内容(可指具体物质、抽象能力、品质或资源等)。
该短语遵循“主语 + be(时态/人称变化) + deficient in + 名词/动名词/代词”的结构,其中:
be:根据主语和语境调整形式(am/is/are/was/were/will be/have been 等);
in:引出“缺乏的具体对象”;
宾语:可以是名词(如 vitamins、skills)、动名词(如 managing、planning)或代词(如 it、that)。
If you rarely eat citrus fruits, you may be deficient in vitamin C.(如果你很少吃柑橘类水果,可能会缺乏维生素C。)
Many elderly people are deficient in calcium, leading to bone problems.(许多老年人缺钙,导致骨骼问题。)
He is deficient in public speaking—he gets nervous easily on stage.(他缺乏公共演讲能力,上台容易紧张。)
The intern was found to be deficient in data analysis skills.(这名实习生被发现缺乏数据分析技能。)
A good teacher should not be deficient in patience.(好老师不应缺乏耐心。)
She is deficient in honesty—she often lies to avoid trouble.(她缺乏诚实,常撒谎逃避麻烦。)
The soil in this region is deficient in nutrients, so crops grow slowly.(这个地区的土壤缺乏养分,作物长得慢。)
The company’s budget is deficient in funds for new projects.(公司预算缺乏新项目资金。)
He is deficient in managing his time—he always misses deadlines.(他时间管理能力不足,总错过截止日期。)
The team was deficient in preparing for the exam.(这个团队在备考方面不足。)
1、 时态变化:根据语境调整“be”的形式,例如:
过去时:She was deficient in math when she was in middle school.(她中学时数学不好。)
将来时:If you skip practice, you will be deficient in piano skills.(如果不练习,你的钢琴技能会不足。)
2、 正式程度:
"deficient" 比 "lacking" 更正式(如医学报告、学术文章);
"lacking" 更口语化(如“He’s lacking in common sense.” 他缺乏常识。)。
3、 反义词:
若要表达“富含/足够”,可搭配:
be rich in(富含):This fruit is rich in antioxidants.(这种水果富含抗氧化剂。)
be sufficient in(足够):The supply is sufficient in water for the summer.(夏季供水充足。)
"be deficient in" 是一个精准表达“缺乏具体内容”的短语,无论是具体的物质(维生素、资金)还是抽象的能力(耐心、技能),都可以用它来明确指出“不足的方面”。记住结构主语 + be + deficient in + 缺乏的内容 ,就能轻松掌握!