英语短语rub down是一个多义的及物动词短语,核心含义围绕“摩擦、擦拭或处理表面/身体”,具体意思需结合语境判断。以下是其主要含义、用法及例句:
指用手或工具轻柔地摩擦身体(通常为放松、恢复体力或缓解肌肉紧张),常见于运动后、理疗场景。
搭配:`rub sb down` / `rub down sb`(宾语为人);代词作宾语时需放在中间(`rub sb down`)。
例句:
The coach rubbed down the runner after the marathon to ease his sore legs.(马拉松赛后,教练给跑步者按摩,缓解他酸痛的双腿。)
She asked her friend to rub her down after a long day of hiking.(徒步一天后,她让朋友给她按摩放松。)
指用布、毛巾等摩擦物体表面以清洁、擦干或抛光,可用于家具、汽车、身体(擦干)等。
搭配:`rub down sth` / `rub sth down`(宾语为物或身体部位);代词作宾语时放中间。
例句:
He rubbed down the car with a microfiber cloth to remove the dust.(他用微纤维布擦拭汽车,去除灰尘。)
Rub yourself down with a towel before getting into bed.(上床前用毛巾擦干身体。)
The carpenter rubbed down the wooden table with sandpaper to make it smooth.(木匠用砂纸打磨木桌,使其光滑。)
指仔细摩擦/检查表面(引申为“彻底搜查”),常见于警方搜查嫌疑人或寻找物品的场景。
搭配:`rub down sb/sth`(宾语为人或地点);
例句:
The security guards rubbed down the visitors before they entered the stadium.(保安在游客进入体育场前对他们进行了彻底搜查。)
We rubbed down the entire house looking for the lost keys.(我们彻底搜查了整栋房子,寻找丢失的钥匙。)
宾语位置:若宾语是代词(如him/her/it),必须放在`rub`和`down`之间(例:rub him down,而非rub down him);若宾语是名词,可前可后(例:rub down the table = rub the table down)。
被动语态:可用于被动,结构为`be rubbed down`(例:The floor was rubbed down with polish. 地板用抛光剂擦过。)
`rub down`的含义可归纳为三类:按摩身体、擦拭物体/身体、彻底搜查,关键看宾语(人/物/地点)和语境。日常使用中,前两类更常见,第三类偏口语或非正式场景。