英语短语 "in order to do sth." 是一个目的状语表达,核心含义是“为了做某事”“以便做某事”,用来明确说明某个动作的目的或意图。
直接对应中文的“为了(达成某个目标)而做某事”,强调动作的目的性,是英语中最常用的目的表达之一。
句首:需用逗号与主句隔开,更强调目的(正式文体中常见)。
例:In order to get a promotion, she took a professional course.(为了晋升,她修了一门职业课程。)
句中:无需逗号,直接连接主句和目的状语。
例:He exercises every day in order to stay healthy.(他每天锻炼是为了保持健康。)
在“to”前加“not”,表示“为了不做某事”“以免……”。
例:Please speak softly in order not to disturb others.(请小声说话,以免打扰他人。)
例:She left early in order not to be late for the meeting.(她早早离开,以免开会迟到。)
“in order to”的逻辑主语(即“做目的动作的人/物”)必须与句子的主语一致。若不一致,需用 "in order for sb. to do sth." 结构(for引出逻辑主语)。
一致的情况:I stayed up late in order to finish my essay.(我熬夜是为了完成论文。)→ 主语“I”既是“stayed up late”的执行者,也是“finish my essay”的执行者。
不一致的情况:In order for my sister to go abroad, my parents saved money for years.(为了我妹妹能出国,我父母攒了好几年钱。)→ 主语“my parents”是“saved money”的执行者,而“go abroad”的执行者是“my sister”,因此用“in order for sb. to do”。
vs. "to do"(单纯不定式):
“in order to”更正式、强调目的,而“to do”更简洁(口语中常用)。
例:He works hard to support his family.(他努力工作养家。)→ 简洁;
He works hard in order to support his family.(他努力工作是为了养家。)→ 更强调“养家”的目的。
vs. "so as to do sth.":
“so as to”也表目的,但不能用于句首(只能放句中),而“in order to”可以放句首或句中。
例:He studied hard so as to pass the exam.(正确,句中);
So as to pass the exam, he studied hard.(错误,不能放句首,需改为“In order to”)。
若要表达更复杂的目的(比如需要从句说明条件),可将“in order to do”转换为 "in order that + 主语 + 情态动词(can/could/will/would等)+ 动词原形"。
例:She took notes in order to remember the details.(她记笔记是为了记住细节。)→ 转换为:She took notes in order that she could remember the details.
In order to learn a new language, you need to practice regularly.(为了学一门新语言,你需要定期练习。)
We bought a car in order to travel more conveniently.(我们买了车,以便出行更方便。)
He turned off the TV in order not to distract his brother.(他关掉电视,以免分散弟弟的注意力。)
综上,“in order to do sth.”是明确、正式的目的表达,适用于需要强调“为什么做某事”的场景,掌握其位置、否定和主语一致的规则,就能灵活运用啦!