“on the basis of”是英语中高频正式介词短语,核心表达“基于;以…为基础;根据”,强调动作、决定或结论的根本性依据(如事实、原则、数据等)。以下从含义、用法、示例、注意事项四方面详细说明:
“on the basis of”字面直译为“在…的基础之上”,引申为“依据某事物做出判断/行动”,突出“依据的客观性和重要性”。
该短语是介词结构,后接名词/名词短语/代词(不能直接接动词,需转化为动名词或名词形式),在句中作状语(修饰动词、形容词或整个句子)。
We hire candidates on the basis of their skills and cultural fit.(我们根据候选人的技能和文化适配度招聘。)
Promotions are given on the basis of performance, not favoritism.(晋升依据业绩,而非偏袒。)
The theory was built on the basis of decades of fieldwork.(这个理论基于数十年的实地研究。)
Conclusions were drawn on the basis of statistical analysis.(结论是根据统计分析得出的。)
The judge made the ruling on the basis of the witness’s testimony.(法官根据证人证言作出裁决。)
The policy was revised on the basis of public input.(政策根据公众意见修订。)
She picked the apartment on the basis of its proximity to work.(她选这套公寓是因为离工作地点近。)
I’ll decide on the basis of how I feel tomorrow.(我会根据明天的心情做决定。)
1、 必须加“the”:“basis”是可数名词,此处特指“某一具体基础”,不能省略定冠词(错误:on basis of)。
2、 正式性:相比口语化的“based on”,“on the basis of”更正式,适合学术、法律、公文等场景。
口语:The movie is based on a true story.(这部电影基于真实故事。)
正式:The movie was adapted on the basis of a true story.(这部电影根据真实故事改编。)(更强调“改编的基础”)
3、 被动句适用:主语为“决定、报告、政策”等被动对象时,仍可使用:
The contract was signed on the basis of mutual trust.(合同基于 mutual trust 签订。)
短语 | 含义差异 | 示例 |
---|---|---|
on the basis of | 强调“依据的具体性/根本性”,正式 | Decisions are made on the basis of data. |
based on | 通用、口语化,侧重“来源或基础” | The novel is based on the author’s life. |
according to | 强调“引用他人/官方信息”(如“根据新闻”“根据他说的”),非自身判断的依据 | According to the news, the event was canceled. |
总结:“on the basis of”是正式场合下表达“依据”的核心短语,只要记住“后接名词、加the、表根本依据”,就能准确使用。