该短语是“及物动词+宾语+介词短语”的结构,关键要素如下:
成分 | 说明 |
---|---|
主语 | 通常是造成阻碍的人、物或情况(如抽象名词:bad weather, lack of experience;具体事物:a broken leg) |
hamper | 及物动词,意为“阻碍、牵制”(正式用语,更侧重“干扰进程”而非“彻底阻止”) |
宾语(sb.) | 必须是人,指“被阻碍的对象” |
from doing sth. | 介词短语,说明“被阻碍的具体动作或目标”(动名词作介词from的宾语) |
通过具体句子理解用法:
1、 主动句(常见)
The bad weather hampered us from going on a picnic.(坏天气阻碍了我们去野餐。)
Lack of funding hampered the team from finishing the project on time.(资金短缺阻碍团队按时完成项目。)
Strict rules hamper employees from being creative.(严格的规定阻碍员工发挥创造力。)
2、 被动句(强调“被阻碍的人”)
She was hampered from applying for the job by her poor English.(糟糕的英语阻碍她申请这份工作。)
We were hampered from traveling by the sudden snowstorm.(突如其来的暴风雪阻碍我们出行。)
与同样表示“阻止”的短语相比,hamper 的语义更侧重“干扰进程”(使事情变难),而非“彻底阻止”:
prevent sb. from doing sth.:完全阻止(如:The lock prevented thieves from breaking in. 锁阻止了小偷闯入。)
stop sb. from doing sth.:停止/阻止(如:I stopped him from leaving. 我阻止他离开。)
hamper sb. from doing sth.:阻碍/牵制(如:The heavy bag hampered her from walking fast. 重袋子让她走不快。)