英语短语 "to spare" 核心围绕 "剩余、多余、留出" 展开,通常用于描述资源(时间、金钱、物品等)的冗余状态,或主动留出资源做某事。以下是具体含义和用法的详细解析:
1、 形容词性用法:表示"剩余的;多余的;备用的"(修饰名词,说明该名词是"用不完/额外的")。
2、 动词不定式用法:与动词"spare"搭配,表"留出(资源)做某事"(强调动作的目的)。
I have no time to spare this week—my schedule is packed.(这周我没有多余时间,日程排满了。)
Do you have any cash to spare? I forgot my wallet.(你有多余的现金吗?我忘带钱包了。)
She’s rich—she has plenty of money to spare.(她很有钱,有花不完的钱。)
We finished the project with a week to spare.(我们提前一周完成了项目。)
He ran to the station and caught the train with 2 minutes to spare.(他跑到车站,刚好赶上火车,还剩2分钟。)
The cake was so big—we ate it all with some slices to spare.(蛋糕很大,我们吃完后还剩几片。)
Could you spare me a few minutes to talk about the report?(你能抽出几分钟和我谈一下报告吗?)
I can’t spare any money to buy new clothes—my budget is tight.(我没钱买新衣服了,预算很紧张。)
Please spare a pen to me—I lost mine.(请借我一支笔——我的丢了。)(注:也可以说"spare me a pen",更常用)
I’m in a hurry—no time to spare!(我赶时间,没时间多余!)
After paying rent, I have no money to spare for entertainment.(交完房租后,我没钱娱乐了。)
动词"spare":本身有"节省、饶恕、抽出"的意思(如"spare no effort"不遗余力;"spare sb's feelings"不伤害某人感情)。
短语"to spare":更侧重"剩余"或"留出后的状态"(如"time to spare"是"多余的时间",而非"节省时间")。
多余的时间:I have an hour to spare before the movie starts.(电影开始前我有一小时空闲。)
提前完成:We got to the airport with 45 minutes to spare.(我们提前45分钟到了机场。)
留出资源:Can you spare a book to me? I need one for class.(你能借我一本书吗?我上课需要。)
没有多余:There’s no food to spare—we ate everything.(没有多余的食物了,我们都吃完了。)
一句话记住核心:"to spare"就是"剩下的"或"特意留出的",常和"时间、钱、物品"搭配,描述资源的冗余或分配。