“play off”是一个多义性短语,核心逻辑是“通过对比/额外动作解决问题”或“利用对立关系达到目的”。以下是最常用的含义、搭配及例句,按使用频率排序:
指常规比赛打平后,通过额外场次决定最终赢家(最常见的体育场景用法)。
用法:可作不及物动词(vi.)或及物动词(vt.,后接“平局、比赛”等宾语)。
例句:
The two teams will play off next Sunday for the league title.(两队下周日将加赛争夺联赛冠军。)
They had to play off the 1-1 tie because no winner emerged in 90 minutes.(由于90分钟内1-1战平,他们不得不加赛决胜负。)
The championship was played off in a rain-soaked stadium.(冠军争夺战在暴雨中的体育场加赛完成。)
通过制造对立,让双方互相争夺,自己从中获利(常见于职场、人际关系或权谋场景)。
固定搭配:play off A against B / play A off against B(A、B为竞争双方,“against”不可省略)。
例句:
The manager loves to play off his interns against each other to see who works harder.(经理喜欢让实习生互相竞争,看谁更努力。)
She tried to play her two suitors off against each other to get more attention.(她试图让两个追求者互相较劲,以获得更多关注。)
Politicians often play off urban and rural voters against each other for votes.(政客常利用城乡选民的对立来拉选票。)
通过调侃、模仿或放大他人的缺点、错误来取笑对方,带有贬义。
用法:常接宾语(被嘲弄的人/事),或与as连用(“把…当作…嘲弄/化解”)。
例句:
Stop playing off his stutter—he’s already insecure about it.(别调侃他的口吃了——他本来就很敏感。)
He played off his awkward fall as a joke to avoid embarrassment.(他把尴尬的摔倒当作笑话带过,以免难堪。)
The kids played off her new haircut until she cried.(孩子们一直嘲弄她的新发型,直到她哭了。)
较少见,指利用两者的不同或矛盾达到目的(类似“借题发挥”)。
例句:
The marketing team played off the generation gap to sell their product.(营销团队利用代沟来推销产品。)
1、 搭配固定性:表示“挑动竞争”时,必须用play off A against B,不能省略“against”;
2、 被动语态:体育场景中常用被动(如“The final was played off yesterday.” 决赛昨日加赛完毕);
3、 语境区分:判断含义时,优先看场景(体育/职场/日常互动),再看搭配(是否有“against”“as”)。
通过以上分类,“play off”的用法就清晰了——本质是“通过‘额外动作’(加赛)或‘对立关系’(挑动竞争、嘲弄)解决问题或达到目的”。