“衰竭”常见的英文表达有 exhaustion、debility、failure(在某些语境下) 或 prostration(较正式或医学语境) 等,具体使用哪个词取决于语境:
Exhaustion:最常用,强调因过度使用、疲劳或缺乏资源而导致的精力、力量或资源的耗尽。例如:
Physical exhaustion set in after the long marathon.(长跑马拉松后,身体出现了衰竭/极度疲劳。)
The prolonged drought led to the exhaustion of water resources in the region.(长期的干旱导致该地区水资源衰竭。)
Debility:侧重于身体或功能的虚弱、衰弱状态,常用于医学语境。例如:
Chronic illness has left him in a state of constant debility.(慢性病使他一直处于衰竭/衰弱的状态。)
Failure:在某些特定语境下,如器官衰竭、系统故障等,可以用“failure”。例如:
Heart failure is a serious medical condition.(心力衰竭是一种严重的医疗状况。)
Prostration:较正式或医学用语,指极度虚弱、衰竭的状态。例如:
Prostration due to severe illness required immediate medical attention.(因严重疾病导致的衰竭需要立即就医。)