“本金”常见的英文表达是 principal ,读音:英 [ˈprɪnsəpl];美 [ˈprɪnsəpl] 。它既可以作名词,也可以作形容词,在金融语境中作名词时,就表示“本金;资本;主要当事人”等意思。例如:
The interest is calculated on the principal amount. (利息是根据本金计算的。)
You'll get back your principal plus interest at maturity. (到期时,你将收回本金并获得利息。)
此外,在一些特定语境或不太正式的表达中,也可能会用到 principal sum 或 principal amount 来强调“本金金额” 。例如:
The borrower promised to repay the principal sum within five years. (借款人承诺在五年内偿还本金金额。)