“被豁免的”常见的英语表达有 exempted、waived(在某些语境下可引申表达类似含义,但更侧重“放弃、免除(要求等)”后的状态关联描述 ) 、excluded from liability/obligation(更强调从责任或义务中被排除,即“被豁免责任/义务” ) 。具体使用哪个词或短语,取决于上下文语境:
exempted:这是最直接、常用的表达,意为“被免除的;被豁免的” ,通常与 from 搭配使用。例如:
These goods are exempted from tax.(这些商品被豁免征税。)
Students with severe disabilities may be exempted from certain physical education requirements.(有严重残疾的学生可能被豁免某些体育课的要求。 )
waived:更多表示“放弃(权利、要求等);免除(费用等)” ,当描述因放弃或免除行为而处于“被豁免”状态时可以使用。例如:
The fine was waived for him, so he is in a sense exempted from paying it.(对他的罚款被免除了,所以从某种意义上说,他被豁免了支付罚款。)
excluded from liability/obligation:这种表达更侧重于从责任或义务的角度阐述“被豁免” 。例如:
The company was excluded from liability in this case, meaning it was exempted from bearing any legal responsibility.(在这起案件中,该公司被免除了责任,这意味着它被豁免了承担任何法律责任。 )