“收入”常见的英文表达有 income、revenue 和 earnings,具体使用哪个词取决于语境:
Income:最为常用和宽泛,指个人、家庭或组织通过工作、投资、业务等各种途径获得的全部收入,强调可支配的金钱数额。例如:
My annual income is $50,000.(我的年收入是5万美元。)
Household income has been rising steadily in recent years.(近年来家庭收入一直在稳步增长。)
Revenue:多用于商业、经济领域,指企业、组织或政府通过销售商品、提供服务、税收等途径获得的总收入,强调业务活动的收益。例如:
The company's revenue increased by 20% last year.(该公司去年的收入增长了20%。)
Government revenue comes mainly from taxes.(政府收入主要来自税收。)
Earnings:通常指个人或企业通过劳动、经营等获得的利润或报酬,更侧重于扣除成本和费用后的净收入,常用于财务报告和商业语境。例如:
The company reported strong earnings for the quarter.(该公司报告了本季度强劲的盈利。)
Her earnings from her part-time job are enough to cover her living expenses.(她从兼职工作中获得的收入足以支付她的生活费用。)