英语短语"right to"的核心含义是“……的权利”,其中"right"是名词(表示“权利”),"to"是介词或不定式符号,连接“权利的具体内容”(可以是名词、代词或动词不定式)。
"right to" 用于明确某一权利的指向对象,即“拥有做某事/获得某物的权利”。
"right to" 主要有两种搭配形式:接名词/代词或接动词不定式(to do),核心都是说明“权利的内容”。
直接用名词或代词说明“权利所涉及的事物”,常见于抽象或具体的权利表达。
the right to life(生命权)
the right to education(受教育权)
the right to property(财产权)
Everyone has a right to happiness.(人人都有追求幸福的权利。)
用不定式说明“行使权利的具体动作”,强调“做某事的权利”。
Citizens have the right to vote.(公民有选举权。)
She fought for the right to work alongside men.(她为与男性同工的权利而斗争。)
Children should have the right to be heard.(儿童应有表达意见的权利。)
"right to" 常与以下动词/结构连用,构成完整的语义:
have/possess/own the right to...(有……的权利)
例:Every human being has the right to freedom.(每个人都有自由的权利。)
grant/give sb. the right to...(授予某人……的权利)
例:The law grants women the right to equal pay.(法律授予女性同工同酬的权利。)
deny/refuse sb. the right to...(剥夺/拒绝某人……的权利)
例:They denied him the right to see his family.(他们剥夺了他见家人的权利。)
exercise/use the right to...(行使……的权利)
例:Voters should exercise their right to vote in elections.(选民应在选举中行使投票权。)
defend/fight for the right to...(捍卫/为……的权利而斗争)
例:Activists are fighting for the right to free speech.(活动人士正在为言论自由权而斗争。)
与“right(正确的)+ to do”区分:
"right" 作形容词时,"It's right to do..." 表示“做某事是正确的”(如:It's right to help others. 帮助他人是对的);而 "right to do" 作名词短语时,表示“做某事的权利”(如:We have the right to help others. 我们有帮助他人的权利)。
冠词的使用:
特指某一具体权利时用the right to(如:the right to a fair trial 公平审判权);泛指“一种权利”时用a right to(如:a right to privacy 隐私权)。
right to know(知情权)
right to privacy(隐私权)
right to a fair trial(公平审判权)
right to free speech(言论自由权)
right to bear arms(持有武器的权利,美国宪法用语)
总结:"right to" 是表达“权利”的核心结构,通过连接名词或不定式,明确权利的具体内容,广泛用于法律、人权、日常语境中。