“社会背景”常见的英文表达是 social background 。
例如：
His social background had a significant influence on his career choices.（他的社会背景对他的职业选择产生了重大影响。 ）
When analyzing a person's behavior, we should take their social background into account.（在分析一个人的行为时，我们应该考虑他们的社会背景。 ）