“反对者”常见的英文表达有 opponent、dissenter 或 objector,具体使用哪个词取决于语境:
Opponent:最常用,指在辩论、竞争或对抗中持相反立场或观点的人,可用于各种正式或非正式场合。例如:
The opponent argued passionately against the proposal.(反对者激烈地反对该提案。)
In the debate, both sides presented their cases, and the opponents made strong counterarguments.(在辩论中,双方都陈述了自己的观点,反对者提出了有力的反驳。)
Dissenter:侧重于指对主流观点、权威或传统持不同意见、公开反对的人,常带有一种挑战现状或权威的意味,多用于政治、宗教或社会变革等领域。例如:
The dissenter was ostracized by the community for his radical views.(这位持不同意见者因其激进观点而被社区排斥。)
The dissenter refused to conform to the established religious practices.(这位持不同意见者拒绝遵守既定的宗教习俗。)
Objector:强调因道德、宗教、个人信念等原因而反对某事的人,通常在讨论具体政策、计划或行动时使用。例如:
There were several objectors to the new tax law.(有几个人反对新税法。)
The conscientious objector refused to serve in the military on religious grounds.(这位出于良心原因的反对者以宗教理由拒绝服兵役。)