“字面意义”常见的英文表达有 literal meaning 或 denotative meaning。
literal meaning:侧重于指词语、句子等按照字面本身所表达的含义,不涉及引申、比喻等含义。例如:In this sentence, "black sheep" doesn't have its literal meaning; it refers to someone who is considered a disgrace in the family.(在这个句子里,“black sheep” 并不是它的字面意义,它指的是家族中被视为耻辱的人。 )
denotative meaning:更强调词语所指称的、客观的、基本的意义,也就是字典上所列出的含义,和 “connotative meaning(隐含意义、引申意义)” 相对。例如:The denotative meaning of "home" is a place where one lives, but its connotative meanings can vary greatly.(“home” 的字面意义是一个人居住的地方,但它的隐含意义却可以有很大不同。 )