“调查对象”常见的英文表达有 “respondent”(通常指参与调查、问卷回答等的个体)、“survey subject” 、“target of investigation” 或 “research subject”(在研究语境下)。具体使用哪个取决于语境:
Respondent:常用于市场调研、社会学调查等场景,指接受调查并回答问题的人或组织。例如:The survey included 500 respondents from various age groups.(这项调查涵盖了来自不同年龄组的500名受访者。)
Survey subject:强调是调查所关注的人或事物,较为宽泛。例如:The survey subjects were carefully selected to represent the entire population.(调查对象经过精心挑选,以代表整个人群。)
Target of investigation:更正式,常用于法律、科研等严肃语境,指调查或研究的具体目标。例如:The primary targets of the investigation were the companies suspected of environmental violations.(调查的主要对象是涉嫌环境违规的公司。)
Research subject:多用于学术研究,指被研究的对象(可以是人、动物、现象等)。例如:In this study, the research subjects were a group of patients with a rare disease.(在这项研究中,研究对象是一组患有罕见疾病的患者。)