"新石器时代的" can be translated into English as "Neolithic" or "of the Neolithic Age/Period".
"Neolithic" is the most concise and commonly used term when referring to something related to the Neolithic era. For example, "Neolithic tools" (新石器时代的工具) or "Neolithic culture" (新石器时代的文化).
"of the Neolithic Age/Period" is a more descriptive phrase that can be used when a more detailed context is needed, such as in sentences like "artifacts of the Neolithic Period" (新石器时代的文物).