"阳极沉积层" can be translated as "anodic deposit layer" or simply "anodic deposit" in English, depending on the context and level of specificity required.
"Anodic deposit layer" emphasizes the layered structure of the deposit formed on the anode.
"Anodic deposit" is a more general term referring to the material deposited at the anode.
Both are acceptable, with the choice depending on the technical context.