"杰出人物统治论" can be translated into English as "the theory of rule by great men" or "the theory of the rule of outstanding individuals".
The first version, "the theory of rule by great men," is more concise and commonly used in discussions about political theories or historical analyses. The second version, "the theory of the rule of outstanding individuals," provides a slightly more literal translation, emphasizing the "outstanding" or "exceptional" nature of the individuals in question. Both translations accurately convey the meaning of the original Chinese term.