“泄洪”常见的英文表达是 “flood discharge” 或 “flood release”。
flood discharge:侧重于强调将洪水从水库、大坝等设施中排放出去,以降低水位、防止洪水漫溢等行为,在水利工程和防汛领域较为常用。例如:The dam authorities decided to open the flood discharge gates to reduce the water level.(大坝管理部门决定打开泄洪闸门以降低水位。)
flood release:同样表达释放洪水的意思,和“flood discharge”意思相近,在语境中可互换使用。例如:The engineers carried out a controlled flood release to protect the downstream areas.(工程师们进行了有控制的泄洪以保护下游地区。)