“稀少”常见的英文表达有 rare、scarce、sparse 等,具体使用哪个词取决于语境:
rare:侧重强调珍贵、罕见,数量或出现频率很低,常用于描述物品、现象、品质等。例如:
Rare birds are protected by law.(稀有鸟类受到法律保护。)
It's a rare opportunity to meet such a famous scientist.(见到这样一位著名的科学家是个难得的机会。)
scarce:主要指因供应不足而难以获得,数量稀少,常与食物、资源、机会等搭配。例如:
Water is scarce in this desert area.(在这个沙漠地区,水很稀缺。)
Jobs are becoming increasingly scarce in the current economic climate.(在当前的经济形势下,工作机会正变得越来越少。)
sparse:形容事物分布稀疏、不密集,间隔较大,常用来描述人口、植被、毛发等。例如:
The grass in this field is very sparse.(这片地上的草非常稀疏。)
The village has a sparse population.(这个村庄人口稀少 。)