“累计”常见的英文表达有 accumulated、cumulative 或 running total(侧重表示持续累加得出的总数) ,具体使用哪个词取决于语境:
accumulated:强调通过一段时间或一系列过程逐渐累积,常与金额、数量、经验等搭配。例如:
The accumulated debt has reached a dangerous level.(累计债务已达到危险水平。)
He has accumulated a wealth of knowledge over the years.(多年来他积累了丰富的知识。)
cumulative:侧重于描述效果、影响、数量等随着时间不断叠加,通常用于正式或学术语境。例如:
The cumulative effect of years of smoking is harmful to health.(多年吸烟的累积影响对健康有害。)
We need to consider the cumulative risk in this investment.(我们需要考虑这项投资的累积风险。)
running total:更口语化,常用于描述不断更新、持续累加的总额,多在商业、财务或日常记录场景使用。例如:
Keep a running total of your expenses during the trip.(在旅行期间,持续记录你的费用总额。)
The spreadsheet shows a running total of sales for each month.(这张电子表格显示了每个月的销售累计总额。)