“缩小”在英语中常见的表达有 shrink、reduce、narrow down、decrease in size/scope 等,具体使用哪个词取决于语境:
shrink:通常指物体因受热、受潮或自然老化等原因而变小、变薄或收缩,也可用于比喻,表示数量、规模或范围等的减少。例如:
The sweater shrunk in the wash.(这件毛衣洗后缩水了。)
The company's profits have shrunk significantly this year.(今年公司的利润大幅下降。)
reduce:强调通过减少数量、程度、规模等方式使某物变小或降低,使用范围较广。例如:
We need to reduce our expenses.(我们需要减少开支。)
The noise was reduced by using soundproof materials.(通过使用隔音材料,噪音降低了。)
narrow down:主要指把范围、选择等缩小到更小、更具体的程度,常与范围、选项等搭配。例如:
We need to narrow down the list of candidates.(我们需要把候选人名单缩小范围。)
Let's narrow down our search to this area.(让我们把搜索范围缩小到这个区域。)
decrease in size/scope:更侧重于描述尺寸、规模或范围的实际变小,是比较直白的表达。例如:
The population of this town has decreased in size over the past decade.(过去十年间,这个镇的人口规模缩小了。)
We plan to decrease the scope of the project to meet the deadline.(为了赶上截止日期,我们计划缩小项目的范围。)