“缩小”在英语中常见的表达有 shrink、reduce、narrow down、decrease in size/scope 等,具体使用哪个词取决于语境:
1、 shrink:
强调因受热、受潮等影响而尺寸变小,也可用于比喻抽象事物的减少。
例句:The sweater will shrink if you wash it in hot water.(这件毛衣用热水洗会缩水。)
例句:The company has had to shrink its workforce due to financial difficulties.(由于财务困难,公司不得不裁员。)
2、 reduce:
指通过人为努力使范围、数量、规模或程度等减少,常与 to 连用表示“减少到……”。
例句:We need to reduce our expenses.(我们需要减少开支。)
例句:The government is taking steps to reduce pollution.(政府正在采取措施减少污染。)
3、 narrow down:
主要用于缩小范围、选择等,表示“使缩小范围,把……范围缩小”。
例句:We've narrowed down the list of potential candidates to five.(我们已经把潜在候选人的名单缩小到了五人。)
4、 decrease in size/scope:
更直接地表达“在大小/范围上缩小”。
例句:The population of this town has decreased in size over the past decade.(这个镇的人口在过去十年里减少了。)
例句:We need to decrease the scope of this project to meet the deadline.(为了赶上截止日期,我们需要缩小这个项目的范围。)