“惩罚”常见的英文表达有 punish、penalty(名词形式)以及 punishment(名词形式),具体使用取决于语境和句子结构:
1、 punish(动词)
含义:对某人或某事进行处罚、惩戒,以使其为不当行为付出代价。
例句:
The teacher will punish the students who don't finish their homework.(老师会惩罚那些没完成作业的学生。)
He was punished severely for his crime.(他因犯罪而受到严厉惩罚。)
2、 penalty(名词)
含义:通常指因违反规则、法律或合同而必须承受的处罚,常与法律、体育比赛等场景相关。
例句:
The penalty for speeding is a heavy fine.(超速行驶的处罚是高额罚款。)
In football, a penalty kick is awarded for a serious foul inside the penalty area.(在足球比赛中,禁区内严重犯规会被判罚点球。)
3、 punishment(名词)
含义:指对不当行为给予的惩罚,强调惩罚的行为或结果,比“penalty”使用范围更广。
例句:
The criminal received a severe punishment for his crimes.(这名罪犯因犯罪而受到严厉惩罚。)
Parents should use appropriate punishment to teach their children right from wrong.(父母应该使用适当的惩罚来教导孩子分辨是非。)