"患持续言语症" can be translated as "suffer from perseveration of speech" or "have perseverative speech".
“perseveration” refers to the persistent repetition of a particular response, such as a word, phrase, or gesture, despite the absence or cessation of the original stimulus.
“perseveration of speech” specifically describes the phenomenon where a person continues to repeat the same words or phrases uncontrollably.
Both expressions are commonly used in medical and psychological contexts to describe this condition.