“负效应”常见的英文表达是 “negative effect” 或 “negative side effect”(如果强调是副作用或附带的不良影响)。
negative effect: 较为通用,可用于描述各种负面、不利的影响或结果。例如:The new policy has had some negative effects on the local economy.(这项新政策对当地经济产生了一些负效应。 )
negative side effect: 更侧重于指某种行为、措施、产品等带来的非预期的、不良的附带影响。例如:While the medication is effective in treating the disease, it may cause some negative side effects.(虽然这种药物在治疗疾病方面有效,但可能会带来一些负效应。 )