"充入二氧化碳的" can be translated as "carbon dioxide-filled" or "charged with carbon dioxide" depending on the context.
If you're describing a container or a space that has been filled with carbon dioxide, "carbon dioxide-filled" would be appropriate. For example, "a carbon dioxide-filled chamber" (一个充有二氧化碳的腔室).
If you're emphasizing the action of adding carbon dioxide to something, "charged with carbon dioxide" could be used. For example, "the system is charged with carbon dioxide" (系统充入了二氧化碳).