“僵直的”常见英文表达有 stiff、rigid 或 inflexible,具体使用哪个词取决于语境:
Stiff:通常指身体或物体因寒冷、紧张、疲劳或疾病等原因而变得不灵活、僵硬。例如:
His back was stiff from sitting at the desk all day.(他因为整天坐在桌前,背部僵直。)
The old man walked with a stiff gait.(那位老人走路时步履僵直。)
Rigid:更强调结构的坚硬、不易弯曲,或态度、规则的刻板、不灵活。在描述身体僵硬时,可能带有因疾病(如帕金森病)或极度紧张而导致的全身僵硬意味。例如:
His body was rigid with fear.(他因恐惧而身体僵直。)
The rules of the organization are too rigid.(这个组织的规则太刻板了。)
Inflexible:侧重于表示不易弯曲、改变或适应,常用于描述身体、物体或规则的僵直、不灵活。例如:
His joints were inflexible after the long illness.(久病之后,他的关节变得僵直。)
The inflexible schedule made it difficult to adjust.(僵直的日程安排使得调整变得困难。)