“艰难困苦”常见的英文表达有 hardships and difficulties 、 adversities and hardships 等。
hardships and difficulties: “hardship”侧重于指生活或处境中遭遇的艰难、困苦;“difficulty”强调做某事时遇到的困难、障碍 。这个表达比较直观地传达出“艰难困苦”的意思,在各种语境中都较为常用。例如:They overcame numerous hardships and difficulties on their way to success.(他们在通往成功的道路上克服了无数艰难困苦。 )
adversities and hardships: “adversity” 指逆境、不幸、灾祸等,程度相对较深,常指一些较为重大、严峻的困难状况;“hardship”同样表示艰难困苦。此表达更加强调所面临的困境具有较大的挑战性和严重性。例如:Through thick and thin, they stood by each other in the face of adversities and hardships.(无论顺境逆境,他们面对艰难困苦都始终相互扶持。 )