"Salary" 是英语中表示“薪水”或“工资”的名词,通常指按月或按年支付的固定报酬,常见于正式工作合同。其用法包括作为主语、宾语或定语,可与介词、动词搭配,且在复数形式(salaries)下可泛指多人的薪酬或总额。
词义:
"Salary" 指按月或按年支付的固定收入,通常用于全职工作,尤其是白领或专业岗位(如教师、医生、经理等)。
与 "wage"(按小时或周支付的工资,常见于体力劳动)和 "income"(广义收入,包括投资、租金等)有区别。
词性:名词(可数或不可数,复数形式为 "salaries")。
作为主语:
"Her salary is $50,000 a year."(她的年薪是5万美元。)
"Salaries in the tech industry are rising."(科技行业的薪水在上涨。)
作为宾语:
"He receives a high salary for his expertise."(他因专业知识获得高薪。)
"The company offers competitive salaries."(公司提供有竞争力的薪水。)
作为定语:
"Salary negotiations are underway."(正在进行薪资谈判。)
"Salary increases depend on performance."(加薪取决于表现。)
搭配介词:
"on a salary"(靠薪水生活):She lives on a modest salary.(她靠微薄的薪水生活。)
"in salary"(在薪水方面):He is ahead of me in salary.(他的薪水比我高。)
搭配动词:
"earn a salary"(赚取薪水):He earns a six-figure salary.(他赚六位数的薪水。)
"pay a salary"(支付薪水):The firm pays good salaries.(公司支付高薪。)
复数形式 "salaries":
泛指多人的薪酬:Salaries for entry-level positions are low.(初级职位的薪水很低。)
表示总额:The company's salaries account for 60% of expenses.(公司薪水占支出的60%。)
"basic salary"(基本工资):Her basic salary is $3,000 per month.(她的基本工资是每月3000美元。)
"gross salary"(税前薪水):His gross salary is $60,000.(他的税前薪水是6万美元。)
"net salary"(税后薪水):After taxes, her net salary is $45,000.(税后她的薪水是4.5万美元。)
"salary cap"(薪资上限):The team has a strict salary cap.(球队有严格的薪资上限。)
"Salary" vs. "Wage":
"Salary":固定收入,按月/年支付(如白领)。
"Wage":按小时/周支付(如蓝领)。
例句:I get a salary, but my brother earns wages.(我有薪水,但我弟弟赚的是工资。)
"Salary" vs. "Income":
"Salary":仅指工作报酬。
"Income":广义收入(如投资、租金、兼职等)。
例句:My salary is my main source of income.(薪水是我的主要收入来源。)
日常对话:
A: "What's your salary like?"(你的薪水怎么样?)
B: "It's decent, but the cost of living is high here."(还不错,但这里生活成本高。)
职场语境:
"The company reviews salaries annually based on market trends."(公司根据市场趋势每年调整薪水。)
"Her salary was increased by 10% after promotion."(升职后她的薪水涨了10%。)
不可数性:当泛指“薪水”概念时,"salary" 不可数。
例句:Salary is a major concern for employees.(薪水是员工的主要关切。)
复数用法:强调多人或多份薪水时用复数。
例句:Salaries for teachers vary by state.(各州教师的薪水不同。)
用法 | 示例 |
---|---|
主语 | Salaries in the industry have increased. |
宾语 | The company offers attractive salaries. |
搭配介词 | She lives on a salary of $40,000. |
搭配动词 | They earn salaries based on experience. |
复数形式 | The salaries for engineers are higher than those for technicians. |
短语 | His gross salary is $80,000, but his net salary is $60,000 after taxes. |
通过以上总结和示例,可以清晰掌握 "salary" 的含义及用法。