“refer”是一个英语动词,主要意思有“提及;参考;查阅;把……送交;涉及”等。其用法灵活多样,根据不同含义搭配不同介词或直接接宾语,在句中可作谓语,也有一些固定搭配和短语。
含义:当“refer”表示“提及;说到”时,通常用于引出某人或某事被提到、讨论或涉及的情况。
用法:
refer to sb./sth.:这是最常见的用法,直接接宾语。例如:In his speech, he referred to the recent economic crisis.(在他的演讲中,他提到了最近的经济危机。)
refer to sb./sth. as...:表示“把……称为……”。例如:The teacher often refers to him as a gifted student.(老师经常把他称为一个有天赋的学生。)
含义:指为了获取信息、资料等而查看书籍、文件、资料等。
用法:
refer to sth.:例如:If you don't know the meaning of this word, you can refer to a dictionary.(如果你不知道这个词的意思,你可以查阅字典。)
refer back to sth.:表示“重新参考;重新查阅”。例如:When writing the report, we sometimes need to refer back to our previous research.(在写报告时,我们有时需要重新参考我们之前的研究。)
含义:通常用于将某人或某事交给另一方处理,或者让某人向另一方寻求帮助。
用法:
refer sb./sth. to sb.:例如:The doctor referred the patient to a specialist.(医生把这个病人转介给了一位专家。)
含义:表示某个话题、问题等与某人或某事相关。
用法:
refer to sb./sth.:例如:This chapter refers to the history of the company.(这一章涉及公司的历史。)
make reference to:与“refer to”意思相近,表示“提及;参考”。例如:In his book, he makes frequent reference to classical literature.(在他的书中,他频繁提及古典文学。)
without reference to:表示“不考虑;不参照”。例如:The decision was made without reference to the opinions of the staff.(这个决定是在不考虑员工意见的情况下做出的。)